- Contraception
Contraception: everything you need to know about contraceptives, pros and cons, and useful tips
Written by: Editors
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Contraception plays an important role in the lives of many women. Whether you are looking to prevent pregnancy, regulate your menstrual cycle or manage a health condition, contraception can be a valuable tool and there are many options available. In this article, we discuss the most commonly used types of contraception and their effects, benefits and potential side effects. This way, you can make a well-considered decision.
Contraception includes all methods that prevent the occurrence of unwanted pregnancy. Contraception literally means 'against (contra) conception'. Each method prevents pregnancy in a different way:
- Preventing the release of an egg from the ovaries (ovulation).
- Preventing a fertilised egg from implanting in the uterine wall.
- Physically acting as a barrier to keep sperm from reaching the egg.
In addition to preventing pregnancy, some contraceptives provide benefits, such as more predictable menstrual cycles and lighter or less painful periods.
The method of contraception you choose depends on your health, lifestyle and personal preferences. Always discuss your needs with a doctor to find the best option for you.
Explanation of the numbers in the image
- Combined oral contraceptive pill
- Contraceptive implant (hormone rod)
- Copper IUD
- Contraceptive patch
- Mini pill (progestogen-only pill)
- Diaphragm
- Hormonal IUD
- Contraceptive ring
- Condom
Types of contraception
Oestrogen helps prevent pregnancy by suppressing ovulation, regulating the menstrual cycle and stabilising the uterine lining. Oestrogen is an essential component of combined oral contraceptives.
Progestogen is a hormone that helps prevent pregnancy by suppressing ovulation, thickening mucus in the cervix (which makes it harder for the sperm to reach the egg), and changing the uterine lining, which makes implantation of the fertilised egg more difficult.
Misconceptions about contraception
- Hormones are bad for you.
Contraceptives contain synthetic hormones that have been extensively tested for safety. They are perfectly safe if used correctly. - Breastfeeding protects against pregnancy.
Breastfeeding lowers your chances of conceiving, but you can still get pregnant while breastfeeding. - Using hormonal contraception causes long-term infertility.
Once you stop using contraception, your menstrual cycle should return to whatever is normal, without long-term effects on fertility.
Contraception in special situations
Emergency contraception
If you’ve had unprotected sex or missed a pill, then emergency contraceptives, commonly called morning-after pills can provide back-up contraception. Emergency contraceptive pills contain a high dose of hormones and prevent ovulation (if ovulation has not already occurred). They should be used sparingly as a back-up method, rather than a regular form of contraception.
Emergency contraception works best if used within 72 hours after having unprotected sex. Some morning-after pills that can be taken up to 120 hours after having unprotected sex.
Delaying periods
Certain contraceptives contain a hormone which helps delay the end of a natural cycle – ultimately delaying your period. This can be useful for times when it is inconvenient to get your period, such as holidays. Although delaying or skipping periods using a hormonal contraceptive is generally considered safe, it is advisable to consult a doctor.
Read more: All about delaying periods.
Contraception and travel
Pack enough contraceptives to last your entire trip, and don't forget about time zones. Hormonal contraceptives must be taken at the same time every day in order to work properly.
Medical advice and personal preferences
Contraception is personal. It's not one-size-fits-all. Talk to a doctor, especially if you have any health problems or get side effects. Read the package leaflet and follow the instructions carefully before you start using your contraceptive.
Conclusion
There are many contraceptive methods to choose from, and each type comes with unique advantages and disadvantages. The method you choose will depend on your health, lifestyle and needs. Whether you opt for a hormonal or non-hormonal method, we can assist you in finding the one that is right for you.
Doctoronline can help you find a treatment that meets your specific needs.