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Fertility

Conceiving is not always easy for every woman, as fertility plays a crucial role for both men and women. Reduced fertility can be indicated not only by difficulty getting pregnant but also by symptoms such as menstrual irregularities. Identifying the causes of reduced fertility often requires consultation with a specialist.

IVF

A typical IVF process consists of the following steps: 

  1. Repression of the natural hormonal cycle 
  2. Stimulation of egg production 
  3. Monitoring the progress 
  4. Collection of the eggs 
  5. Insemination of the eggs 
  6. Re-implantation of the embryo 
Medication

Below is an overview of common medications used to address reduced fertility. 

  • Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG): This hormone stimulates ovulation and the production of oestrogen in women, while in men, it boosts testosterone production for sperm formation. Examples include Pregnyl, Ovitrelle, Profasi, and Novarel. 
  • GnRH analogues: These hormones regulate ovulation by inhibiting the production of female hormones, allowing better control. There are two types: agonists, such as Suprecur (busereline) and Prostap (leuproreline), and antagonists like Cetrotide (cetrorelix) and Orgalutran (ganirelix). 
  • Clomiphene: This medication stimulates the release of hormones that aid in egg maturation and ovulation. Clomid is an example. 
  • Ethinylestradiol: It acts like oestradiol, making the cervical mucus more accessible to sperm. 
  • Gonadotrophins (FSH and LH): These hormones are essential in the natural cycle. FSH encourages follicle growth, while LH triggers egg maturation and ovulation. Examples include Gonal-F, Menopur, Puregon, and Follistim. 
  • Doxycycline: An antibiotic used during the woman’s IVF cycle to reduce bacterial levels in the man’s sperm, which can affect quality. 
  • Progesterone preparations: Progesterone enhances the chances of pregnancy after embryo implantation in IVF. Examples are Gestone, Cyclogest, Crinone, and Utrogestan. 

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